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本期病例选自AJNRCaseoftheWeek

MichaelLanfranchi,MD;NeelMadan,MDTuftsMedicalCenterBoston,MA病史

Ayoungwomanwithdiplopiaandverticalnystagmus

年轻女性,复视、垂直性眼球震颤

图例

AxialT2WI(A,B)andcoronal/axialFLAIR(C,D)showextensivewhitemattersignalabnormalitywithchronicsubcorticalinfarctsandtinychronicmicrohemorrhagesonSWI(E).Thecortexappearsspared.ADCmap(F)doesnotdemonstratehypointensitytosuggestrestricteddiffusionoracuteinfarct.Notetheinvolvementofthewhitematteratbilateralanteriortemporalpolesandsuperiorparamedianfrontallobes(markedbyarrows).

横断位T2WI和冠状位/横断位FLAIR示白质多发异常信号,及皮层下陈旧性脑梗塞。SWI可见微小的慢性出血灶。ADC图未见明显低信号,提示无明显弥散受限或急性期脑梗塞。

值得注意的是,病变范围主要是在双侧颞叶前部和额叶上部、靠近中央区的白质区。

CADASIL

(CerebralAutosomalDominantArteriopathywith

SubcorticalInfarctsandLeukoencephalopathy)

常染色体显性遗传病合并皮质下梗死和白质脑病

背景

Rarehereditarycauseofinfarctsinyoungerpatients

可引起年轻人脑梗塞的罕见的遗传性疾病

Small-vesseldiseaseduetoprogressivedegenerationofthesmoothmusclecellsinbloodvessels

血管壁的平滑肌细胞渐进性退行性变导致的小血管病

CausativeagentofdegenerationismutationintheNOTCH3geneattheshortarmofchromosome19

其病因是19号染色体短臂的NOTCH3基因突变

Prudenttoexcludetraditionalriskfactorsofstrokeandmigraines,becauseCADASILpatientsmaypresentwithmigraineaura.

CADASIL可表现为先兆偏头痛,诊断时需谨慎排除可引起脑卒中和偏头痛的其他传统病因。

Generally,thecerebralcortexisspared,andsubcorticallacunarinfarctsareac







































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